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Properties and Main Applications of Reaction-Sintered Silicon Carbide
Release time:
2022-12-28
Reaction-sintered silicon carbide What are its properties and main applications? Silicon carbide, also known as carborundum or fire-resistant sand, is an inorganic compound that comes in two varieties: green silicon carbide and black silicon carbide. So, are you familiar with the properties and main applications of silicon carbide? Today, we’ll introduce you to the properties and main applications of silicon carbide.
Reaction-sintered silicon carbide is produced by continuously heating and smelting raw materials such as quartz sand, calcined petroleum coke (or coal coke), and wood ash (when manufacturing green silicon carbide, edible salt is added) in an electrically heated furnace at high temperatures.
Performance of reaction-sintered silicon carbide:
1. Thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient of silicon carbide. As a refractory material, carbonized bricks exhibit excellent resistance to thermal shock. This is primarily due to their high thermal conductivity (heat transfer coefficient) and relatively low thermal expansion coefficient.
2. Electrical conductivity of silicon carbide. Silicon carbide is a semiconductor material whose electrical conductivity varies depending on the type and concentration of impurities introduced during crystal growth; its resistivity ranges from 10⁻² to 10¹² Ω·cm. Among these impurities, aluminum, nitrogen, and boron have the greatest impact on the electrical conductivity of silicon carbide. Silicon carbide containing higher levels of aluminum exhibits significantly enhanced electrical conductivity.
3. The resistance of silicon carbide. The resistance of silicon carbide varies with temperature, but within a certain temperature range, its temperature characteristics are opposite to those of metallic resistors. The relationship between the resistance of silicon carbide and temperature is more complex. Reaction-sintered silicon carbide Its conductivity reaches a high value after the temperature rises to a certain point; as the temperature continues to rise, however, the conductivity begins to decline again.
Uses of silicon carbide:
1. Wear-resistant materials—primarily used for manufacturing grinding wheels, abrasive sandpaper, sharpening stones, grinding wheels, polishing pastes, and for surface grinding, polishing, and buffing of photovoltaic cells, photovoltaic modules, and various components in photovoltaic products.
2. High-end refractory materials—can be used as deoxidizers and corrosion-resistant materials in the metallurgical industry, and are suitable for manufacturing prefabricated components and fasteners for continuous high-temperature kilns.
3. Functional ceramics—not only can they reduce the volume of kiln furniture, but also enhance the quality of industrial kiln products and shorten cycle times. They are ideal indirect materials for firing and sintering ceramic glazes, as well as for producing high-temperature non-oxide ceramics and reaction-sintered porcelain.
4. Rare metals—have certain applications in the steel industry and in mineral processing plants within the metallurgical industry.
5. Other—used to produce far-infrared radiation coatings or to fabricate far-infrared radiation dryers for silicon carbide plates.
Silicon carbide, owing to its stable organic chemical properties, high thermal conductivity, low linear thermal expansion coefficient, and excellent wear resistance, is used not only as a wear-resistant material but also for several other important applications. For example, a new process involves applying silicon carbide powder as a coating onto the inner cavities of turbine impellers or cylinder blocks, which can significantly enhance wear resistance and extend service life by a factor of 1 to 2. Additionally, silicon carbide can be used to produce high-grade refractory materials that exhibit superior resistance to high-temperature shock, have compact dimensions, are lightweight yet highly strong, and offer remarkable energy-saving and environmental benefits. Low-grade silicon carbide (containing approximately 85% SiC) serves as an excellent deoxidizer, accelerating the iron-smelting process and facilitating precise control of chemical composition, thereby improving steel quality. Moreover, silicon carbide is widely employed in the manufacture of electrothermal materials, such as silicon-molybdenum rods.
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